javafx的maven项目打jar包配置
1.项目结构
.
├── pom.xml
└── src
├── main
│ ├── java
│ │ ├── com
│ │ │ └── bingbaihanji
│ │ │ └── Main.java
│ │ └── module-info.java
│ └── resources
└── test
└── java
9 directories, 3 files
2.使用springboot的maven打包插件[简单快捷]来打成一个可执行的jar包
maven的pom.xml文件配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!--1.引入springboot的父工程-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.bingbaihanji</groupId>
<artifactId>javaFxDemo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
<artifactId>javafx-controls</artifactId>
<version>17.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
<artifactId>javafx-fxml</artifactId>
<version>17.0.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<!--修改编译出来的jar包名，仅为{artifactId}.jar-->
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<!--springboot的打包插件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
启动类
加入 @SpringBootApplication 注解和启动函数
@SpringBootApplication
public class Main extends Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
Application.launch(args);
}
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
······
}
}
然后在当前项目下运行 mvn package 即可在当前目录下生成的target目录中找到可以执行的jar包
jar包大致结构如下
.
├── BOOT-INF
│ ├── classes
│ │ └── com
│ │ └── bingbaihanji
│ │ └── Main.class // 项目启动类
│ ├── classpath.idx
│ ├── layers.idx
│ └── lib // 项目运行所依赖的jar包
├── META-INF
│ ├── MANIFEST.MF // 项目清单文件
│ └── maven
│ └── com.bingbaihanji
│ └── javaFxDemo
│ ├── pom.properties
│ └── pom.xml
├── module-info.class
└── org // springboot框架提供的用来启动jar相关的类
└── springframework
└── boot
└── loader
19 directories, 97 files
MANIFEST.MF 文件结构
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: Maven JAR Plugin 3.3.0
Build-Jdk-Spec: 17
Implementation-Title: javaFxDemo
Implementation-Version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
Main-Class: org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher
Start-Class: com.bingbaihanji.Main
Spring-Boot-Version: 3.1.2
Spring-Boot-Classes: BOOT-INF/classes/
Spring-Boot-Lib: BOOT-INF/lib/
Spring-Boot-Classpath-Index: BOOT-INF/classpath.idx
Spring-Boot-Layers-Index: BOOT-INF/layers.idx
3.使用maven打包插将项目打包成分散的jar包 (项目启动包和依赖库)
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.10.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>17</source>
<target>17</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>libs/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.bingbaihanji.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>
${project.build.directory}/libs
</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
然后在当前项目下运行 mvn package即可打包完成 在 target 目录下生成 libs 和 项目的jar包，
其中libs是项目运行时所依赖的库，其中项目jar包的清单文件内容为
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.8.5
Built-By: 冰白寒祭
Build-Jdk: 17.0.2
Class-Path: libs/javafx-controls-17.0.2.jar libs/javafx-controls-17.0.2-
win.jar libs/javafx-graphics-17.0.2.jar libs/javafx-graphics-17.0.2-win
.jar libs/javafx-base-17.0.2.jar libs/javafx-base-17.0.2-win.jar libs/j
avafx-fxml-17.0.2.jar libs/javafx-fxml-17.0.2-win.jar
Main-Class: com.bingbaihanji.Main
如果此时直接用 java -jar 命令来运行项目jar包会提示 错误: 缺少 JavaFX 运行时组件, 需要使用该组件来运行此应用程序
是由于从 jdk9 开始 java开始添加了以模块化来构建项目的规范；
解决办法有
1.可以添加jvm参数
可以在当前路径下执行
java -jar --module-path ./libs --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml ./javaFxDemo.jar
来启动项目。
2.在项目中添加一个启动类
maven打包的时候主类指定为启动类
修改maven插件配置
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>libs/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.bingbaihanji.Start</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
新建一个启动类
package com.bingbaihanji;
import com.bingbaihanji.Main;
/**
* @author 冰白寒祭
* @date 2023-12-03 00:09:51
* @description //TODO
*/
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Main.main(args);
}
}
重新打包后即可直接用 java -jar 的方式来启动项目
